Headquarters EUCOM initially shared the I.G. At this point the position of USCINCEUR was "dual hatted" with Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR). Handy, commander of United States Army, Europe. The first United States Commander-in-Chief Europe (USCINCEUR) was General Matthew Ridgway, former commander of Eighth Army and the Far East Command during the Korean War. Because the senior United States commander would continue as Supreme Allied Commander Europe, Eisenhower recommended giving "a maximum of delegated authority" to a four-star deputy.Įisenhower returned to the United States just as the new command was established. Eisenhower proposed a separate command for all United States forces in Europe. ![]() To provide for national command within NATO and to help control this build-up of forces, Gen. The Army activated the 10th Special Forces Group at Fort Bragg in 1952 and deployed it to Bad Tölz in November 1953 for unconventional warfare missions in the Soviet Bloc countries. United States Army, Europe, grew from one infantry division and three constabulary regiments to two corps with five divisions (including two mobilized National Guard divisions) and in November 1950 activated a new field army, Seventh Army, at Patch Barracks, Stuttgart. Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean doubled to more than 40 warships. United States Air Forces in Europe grew from three groups with 35,000 personnel to eleven wings with 136,000 personnel. The United States sent massive reinforcements to Europe to deter the Soviet Union.įrom 1950 to 1953 United States military personnel in Europe grew from 120,000 to over 400,000. Eisenhower was called from retirement to become the first Supreme Allied Commander Europe. In early 1951, NATO established Allied Command Europe. The EUCOM headquarters in the IG Farben Building, Frankfurt, 1952Īfter the Korean War began, the perceived threat to Europe grew. The AOR was subsequently expanded to include Southwest Asia as far east as Iran and as far south as Saudi Arabia. In 1952 the area of responsibility included continental Europe, the United Kingdom, North Africa and Turkey. In 1949 the allies established the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). and United Kingdom responded with an unprecedented airlift. Providing for the common defense was a great concern, especially after the Berlin Crisis of 1948–49 when the Soviet Union blocked access to the divided city and the U.S. commitment to the defense of Western Europe against the Soviet Union (USSR). The unified command structure was born of the need to address changes wrought not only by America's rapid post-war demobilization but the end of the occupation of Germany in 1949. In line with the creation of the joint-service European Command, the Army command in Europe has redesignated U.S. Naval Forces, Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean and Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) Commander-in-Chief, U.S. ![]() The respective titles of the service commands were: Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Army presence in Europe maintained separate commands that reported directly to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. European Command (USEUCOM), it was established to provide "unified command and authority" over all U.S. ![]() ![]() The first unified command in the European area was established by the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 1 August 1952. Army administrative command in the European region had previously been designated European Theater of Operations United States Army (ETOUSA) from 8 June 1942 – 1 July 1945 United States Forces European Theater (USFET) from 1 July 1945 – 15 March 1947 and then European Command (EUCOM) 15 March 1947 – 1 August 1952. Prior to 1952, the title "European Command (EUCOM)" referred to a single-service, United States Army command. During the Gulf War and Operation Northern Watch, EUCOM controlled the forces flying from Incirlik Air Base. The Commander of the United States EUCOM simultaneously serves as the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe (SACEUR) within NATO, a military alliance. Its area of focus covers 21,000,000 square miles (54,000,000 km 2) and 51 countries and territories, including Europe, The Caucasus, Russia and Greenland. The United States European Command ( EUCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States military, headquartered in Stuttgart, Germany.
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